Pdf design of a fluidized bed reactor for biomass pyrolysis. Char is a cracking catalyst for biooil and must be removed. Fast pyrolysis of biomass in a fluidized bed reactor. Pdf design of pyrolysis reactor for production of bio. A fluidized bed reactor fbr is a type of reactor device that can be used to carry out a variety of multiphase chemical reactions.
Chemical engineering and reactor design of a fluidised bed. The top countries of suppliers are china, india, from which the percentage of fluidized bed reactor supply is 99%, 1% respectively. Catalytic pyrolysis of biomass in a fluidized bed reactor on. The bubbling fluidized bed is doubtless the foremost standard reactor for quick shift. Fluidized bed pyrolysis of plastic wastes request pdf. Fluidized bed reactor was designed and built for pyrolyzing lignin. Dual fluidizedbed design for the fast pyrolysis of biomass. In the stateofthe art design of these reactors, computational fluid dynamics cfd is a recently developed tool which can assist in their scale up. The gassolid flow that occurs in this reactor was described through mass, energy, momentum, and chemical species balances. Analysis of wood biomass in bubbling fluidized bed.
This makes the gas velocity and the content of char in the bio. Operating parameters for the circulating fluidized bed cfb pyrolysis of biomass 5 3. Dual fluidizedbed design the physical design of the dual fluidized bed system including the solid transfer mechanism that was chosen for the investigation is shown in figure 2. Bed agglomeration during biooil fast pyrolysis in a fluidized bed reactor. Ablative pyrolysis is substantially different in concept compared to the other methods of fast pyrolysis. Bed a in figure 2 is the combustion fluidized bed, while bed b is the pyrolysis fluidized bed. Part a gives general guidelines for the design of large commercial fluidized bed reactors with respect to the following aspects. The present work concerns with cfd modelling of biomass fast pyrolysis in a fluidised bed reactor. The authors discuss flow through fixed beds, elutriation and entrainment, gas distributor. We are introducing a novel green process, formate assisted pyrolysis fasp that is very effective in producing liquid fuels and valueadded chemicals from lignin. Fluidized bed reactors also use a heat carrier composed of small inorganic. The standard fluidized bed tga can be used for studying kinetics and mechanism of. Pdf design of pyrolysis reactor for production of biooil. Biomass gasification in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor.
The heattransfer rate in a fluidized bed can be five to ten times greater than that in a packed bed reactor. Oct 11, 2005 integrated particle and reactor scale simulation of pine pyrolysis in a fluidized bed. The product distribution and hydrocarbon selectivity are shown to be a strong function of temperature and weight hourly space velocity. Two different pyrolysis experiments were performed. Circulating fluidized bed technology ii is a result of a series of sciencerelated conferences in the 1980s. Continuous fast pyrolysis of biomass at high temperature. This reference details particle characterization, dynamics, manufacturing, handling, and processing for the employment of multiphase reactors, as well as procedures in reactor scaleup and design for applications in the chemical, mineral, petroleum, power, cement and pharmaceuticals industries. In recent years a considerable number of books and papers have. Circulating fluidized bed bubbling fluidized bed ablative pyrolysis rotating cone 2. Although the literature addressing the modeling of the biomass. Design and operation of a low cost biooil fast pyrolysis from. Operating parameters for the circulating fluidized bed cfb.
Design and operation of a low cost biooil fast pyrolysis from sugarcane bagasse on circulating fluidized bed reactor in a pilot plant. Mixed plastic wastes pyrolysis in a fluidized bed reactor. Initially, a study was conducted to understand the hydrodynamics of the fluidised bed reactor by. Biomass gasification, pyrolysis and torrefaction 2nd edition. Water yields were similar in the range of 1116 wt%.
Molecular beam mass spectrometer scans of pyrolysis product profile at different. Fluidized bed reactors, unlike fixedbed reactors, have no distinct reaction zones. Dual fluidized bed design the physical design of the dual fluidized bed system including the solid transfer mechanism that was chosen for the investigation is shown in figure 2. It is meant to study fast pyrolysis in fluid beds and to clarify the reference points for reactor design. Jun 09, 2019 bubbling fluidized bed reactor published june 9, 2019 updated july 21, 2019 a fluidized bed consists of a bed of particles thats unbroken fluidized by the continual. Reactor design and scaleup are intertwined through fluidized bed hydrodynamics, and both have to proceed in parallel with each other. In this type of reactor, a fluid gas or liquid is passed through a solid granular material usually a catalyst possibly shaped as tiny spheres at high enough speeds to suspend the solid and cause it to behave as though it were a fluid. Catalytic pyrolysis of biomass in a fluidized bed reactor. A fluidized bed is a physical phenomenon occurring when a quantity of a solid particulate substance usually present in a holding vessel is placed under appropriate conditions to cause a solidfluid mixture to behave as a fluid. The newly developed fluidized bed thermogravimetric analyzer tga is the first equipment that combines both the fluidization and the weight measurement of the sample. A physicsbased temperature model for ultrasonic vibrationassisted pelleting of cellulosic biomass.
A modeling of biomass fast pyrolysis using cfd in a. The features of this reactor is similar to that of a bubbling fluidized bed reactor described above except the fact that the residence time for the vapours and char is shorter. Design, modelling and construction of a scalable dual. A system to remove in situ charash from hot pyrolysis vapors has been developed and tested at the university of twente. Largescale pyrolysis oil technical report production. In order to achieve this objective, several tasks were performed, which included the following. Coupled reactor and particle model of biomass drying and pyrolysis in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. Design consideration of pyrolysis reactor for production. Pyrolysis reactor an overview sciencedirect topics. The book begins by going through the rise and fall of circulating systems, specifically fluid dynamics. This is usually achieved by the introduction of pressurized fluid through the particulate medium. The conditions used were appropriate to obtain a high yield of olefins, around 58% wt. The fluidizedbed was mounted on a vertically mobile supportplate, enabling the residence times of evolved volatiles in the reactor freeboard to be changed without altering. Char yields increased for the fluid bed reactor above 515c, and also in the ablative pyrolysis reactor.
The bubbling fluidized bed reactor was used in the simulation, in which the advantages of a good mixture is presented, one which provides high rates of mass and heat transfer. No solid movement through the reactor during pyrolysis batch reactors type b. As in any design, the fluidized bed reactor does have it drawbacks, which any reactor designer must take into consideration. Bubbling fluidized bed reactor chemical engineering world. In this work, a fluidized bed reactor model for biomass fast pyrolysis was developed and applied to the bells corners complex bcc fluidized bed fast pyrolysis unit located at nrcan canmetenergy ottawa, canada for testing and validation. A wide variety of fluidized bed reactor options are available to you, there are 306 suppliers who sells fluidized bed reactor on, mainly located in asia. Fast pyrolysis of lignin biomass in fluidized bed reactor. The influence of experimental conditions such as heatingup time and optimum particle diameter is presented. With a dedicated focus on the design, analysis, and operational aspects of biomass gasification, pyrolysis, and torrefaction, biomass gasification, pyrolysis and torrefaction, second edition offers comprehensive coverage of biomass in its gas. Table 4 design data for fluidized bed reactor 21 table 5 design solution for fluidized bed reactor 21 table 6 characteristic properties of the redmud 23 table 7 experimentally observed data on hydrodynamic.
Integrated particle and reactorscale simulation of pine pyrolysis in a fluidized bed. The different raw materials gave significantly different biooil. Consequently, a detailed design of a fluidized bed reactor that would allow flexible operation at high temperature and high pressure at several gas velocities will be conducted in order to serve for the future development of new hydrodynamic models. One dimensional steadystate circulating fluidized bed reactor model for biomass fast pyrolysis. Pyrolysis proceeds in the absence of o 2 and takes seconds only at moderate temperatures 500 c. The fluidized bed pyrolysis process possesses highly excellent mass transfer characteristics as it offers an effective and highly positive means of heating of finely chopped biomass in a rapid manner to achieve the pyrolysis temperature to the desired level. Design and construction of a smallscale fixedbed reactor. The text contains various studies, facts, and discussions on fluidized beds. Integrated particle and reactor scale simulation of pine pyrolysis in a fluidized bed. Fundamentals of biomass pyrolysis reaction engineering 3. Slow pyrolysis of the main softwood carbohydrates, cellulose and galactoglucomannan ggm, was conducted in a fluidized bed reactor. The design was inspired by tylers concept, but incorporated several additional features. Pyrolysis reactor design is one key to the fast pyrolysis process in determining the. Analysis of wood biomass in bubbling fluidized bed reactors.
The industrial deployment of the fluidized bed reactors fbr have recently increased because of their excellent heat and mass transfer characteristics and product efficiency. Fluidized bed reactor design and scaleup sciencedirect. Therefore, the objective of the current project was the design, modelling and construction of a scalable dual fluidised bed system for the pyrolysis of biomass. Rahul in partial fulfillments for the requirements for the award of bachelor of technology degree in. Important design issues are kinetics, modelling and reactor hydrodynamics 3,4.
The system consists of a continuous fluidized bed reactor 0. A fluidized bed consists of a bed of particles thats unbroken fluidized by the continualupward flow of a gas. Continuous fast pyrolysis of biomass at high temperature in a. In the stateofthe art design of these reactors, computational fluid dynamics cfd is a.
Consequently, a detailed design of a fluidized bed reactor that would allow flexible. Design and optimization of fluidbed reactor of biomass pyrolysis. Low velocity high velocity p for increasing u0 until onset of fluidization p increases, then becomes constant. Circulating fluid bed reactor reactors ablative pyrolysis. Pyrolysis of cellulose produced mainly levoglucosan, 1,4.
Problems faced in conventional fast pyrolysis of lignin, yields and compositions of biooils are compiled. Oct 11, 2005 coupled reactor and particle model of biomass drying and pyrolysis in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. Design of pyrolysis reactor for production of biooil and biochar simultaneously andi aladin, ratna surya alwi, and t akdir syarif citation. Grace, xiaotao bi and andres mahechabotero, coupled reactor and particle model of biomass drying and pyrolysis in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor, journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis, 10.
Process schematic for a circulating fluidized bed pyrolysis design 10 figure 3. Even for the most extreme exothermic reactions, a fluidized bed can maintain an isothermal profile within a few degrees. The effects of temperature and weight hourly space velocity whsv on the product carbon yields and selectivities of cfp of pure pine wood and methanol were investigated. Because of the expansion of the bed materials in the reactor, a larger vessel is often required than that for a packed bed reactor. After condensation, a brown, low viscosity liquid is obtained.
Moving particles, especially small particles, can transport heat much more efficiently than gas alone. Design consideration of pyrolysis reactor for production of. Biomass pyrolysis equipment designed independently consists of feeding system with twostage screw feeder, fluidized bed reactor, cyclone separator system. Numerical simulation of biomass fast pyrolysis in fluidized bed and auger reactors soroush aramideh iowa state university follow this and additional works at. Table 4 design data for fluidized bed reactor 21 table 5 design solution for fluidized bed reactor 21 table 6 characteristic properties of the redmud 23 table 7 experimentally observed data on hydrodynamic properties for redmud and al particles 3. Using a thermogravimetric analyser tga as a fixed bed and the tgfbr as a fluidized bed, the pyrolysis kinetics of olive kernels was studied. Design of a fluidized bed reactor for biomass pyrolysis. Design aspects of industrial fluidized bed reactors. Using this novel fluidised bed, gravimetric measurements and high heating rate, the thermal conversion of biomass was investigated. Schematic of the nrel vortex reactor fast pyrolysis reactor design 11 figure 4. Reactor design combines the present accumulated knowledge about fluidized bed hydrodynamics with reaction chemistry and scaleup to optimize the desired production of a chemical.
The kinetic constants of biomass pyrolysis the kinetic constants of the pyrolysis of biomass are commonly determined by thermogravimetric analysis. By feeding the biomass almond shells directly into the bubbling bed, pyrolysis has been performed at temperatures ranging from 730 to 930c at constant feed rate 44 gh. Numerical simulation of biomass fast pyrolysis in fluidized. Since 1922 when fluidization was first introduced in a coal gasification. The influence of bed temperature on the yield of pyrolysis products a first series of tests were carried out for both polymers at a fixed fluidizing gas velocity, u. The reactor used is an atmospheric bubbling fluidized bed bfb, i. Process schematic for a bubbling fluidized bed pyrolysis design 9 figure 2. The heattransfer rate in a fluidized bed can be five to ten times greater than that in a packedbed reactor. A schematic diagram of the reactor is shown in fig. Pyrolysis of polyolefins in a conical spouted bed reactor. The firetube heating reactor system of pyrolysis unit was designed on the basis of the size of the system. Pyrolysis of softwood carbohydrates in a fluidized bed reactor. Rahul in partial fulfillments for the requirements for the award of bachelor of technology degree in mechanical engineering at national institute of technology, rourkela deemed university is an authentic. Catalytic fast pyrolysis of wood and alcohol mixtures in a.
The rotating cone reactor has many similarities except that the sand and biomass transport is effected by centrifugal forces operating in a rotating cone. Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis 2016, 121, 2229. Catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass in a bubbling fluidized. Mar 19, 2003 the authors discuss flow through fixed beds, elutriation and entrainment, gas distributor and plenum design in fluidized beds, effect of internal tubes and baffles, general approaches to reactor design, applications for gasifiers and combustors, dilute phase pneumatic conveying, and applications for chemical production and processing. Catalytic fast pyrolysis cfp of pine wood, alcohols methanol, 1propanol, 1butanol and 2butanol and their mixtures with zsm5 catalyst were conducted in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor.
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